jpake.c 12 KB

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  1. #include "jpake.h"
  2. #include <openssl/crypto.h>
  3. #include <openssl/sha.h>
  4. #include <openssl/err.h>
  5. #include <memory.h>
  6. #include <string.h>
  7. /*
  8. * In the definition, (xa, xb, xc, xd) are Alice's (x1, x2, x3, x4) or
  9. * Bob's (x3, x4, x1, x2). If you see what I mean.
  10. */
  11. typedef struct {
  12. char *name; /* Must be unique */
  13. char *peer_name;
  14. BIGNUM *p;
  15. BIGNUM *g;
  16. BIGNUM *q;
  17. BIGNUM *gxc; /* Alice's g^{x3} or Bob's g^{x1} */
  18. BIGNUM *gxd; /* Alice's g^{x4} or Bob's g^{x2} */
  19. } JPAKE_CTX_PUBLIC;
  20. struct JPAKE_CTX {
  21. JPAKE_CTX_PUBLIC p;
  22. BIGNUM *secret; /* The shared secret */
  23. BN_CTX *ctx;
  24. BIGNUM *xa; /* Alice's x1 or Bob's x3 */
  25. BIGNUM *xb; /* Alice's x2 or Bob's x4 */
  26. BIGNUM *key; /* The calculated (shared) key */
  27. };
  28. static void JPAKE_ZKP_init(JPAKE_ZKP *zkp)
  29. {
  30. zkp->gr = BN_new();
  31. zkp->b = BN_new();
  32. }
  33. static void JPAKE_ZKP_release(JPAKE_ZKP *zkp)
  34. {
  35. BN_free(zkp->b);
  36. BN_free(zkp->gr);
  37. }
  38. /* Two birds with one stone - make the global name as expected */
  39. #define JPAKE_STEP_PART_init JPAKE_STEP2_init
  40. #define JPAKE_STEP_PART_release JPAKE_STEP2_release
  41. void JPAKE_STEP_PART_init(JPAKE_STEP_PART *p)
  42. {
  43. p->gx = BN_new();
  44. JPAKE_ZKP_init(&p->zkpx);
  45. }
  46. void JPAKE_STEP_PART_release(JPAKE_STEP_PART *p)
  47. {
  48. JPAKE_ZKP_release(&p->zkpx);
  49. BN_free(p->gx);
  50. }
  51. void JPAKE_STEP1_init(JPAKE_STEP1 *s1)
  52. {
  53. JPAKE_STEP_PART_init(&s1->p1);
  54. JPAKE_STEP_PART_init(&s1->p2);
  55. }
  56. void JPAKE_STEP1_release(JPAKE_STEP1 *s1)
  57. {
  58. JPAKE_STEP_PART_release(&s1->p2);
  59. JPAKE_STEP_PART_release(&s1->p1);
  60. }
  61. static void JPAKE_CTX_init(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, const char *name,
  62. const char *peer_name, const BIGNUM *p,
  63. const BIGNUM *g, const BIGNUM *q,
  64. const BIGNUM *secret)
  65. {
  66. ctx->p.name = OPENSSL_strdup(name);
  67. ctx->p.peer_name = OPENSSL_strdup(peer_name);
  68. ctx->p.p = BN_dup(p);
  69. ctx->p.g = BN_dup(g);
  70. ctx->p.q = BN_dup(q);
  71. ctx->secret = BN_dup(secret);
  72. ctx->p.gxc = BN_new();
  73. ctx->p.gxd = BN_new();
  74. ctx->xa = BN_new();
  75. ctx->xb = BN_new();
  76. ctx->key = BN_new();
  77. ctx->ctx = BN_CTX_new();
  78. }
  79. static void JPAKE_CTX_release(JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  80. {
  81. BN_CTX_free(ctx->ctx);
  82. BN_clear_free(ctx->key);
  83. BN_clear_free(ctx->xb);
  84. BN_clear_free(ctx->xa);
  85. BN_free(ctx->p.gxd);
  86. BN_free(ctx->p.gxc);
  87. BN_clear_free(ctx->secret);
  88. BN_free(ctx->p.q);
  89. BN_free(ctx->p.g);
  90. BN_free(ctx->p.p);
  91. OPENSSL_free(ctx->p.peer_name);
  92. OPENSSL_free(ctx->p.name);
  93. memset(ctx, '\0', sizeof *ctx);
  94. }
  95. JPAKE_CTX *JPAKE_CTX_new(const char *name, const char *peer_name,
  96. const BIGNUM *p, const BIGNUM *g, const BIGNUM *q,
  97. const BIGNUM *secret)
  98. {
  99. JPAKE_CTX *ctx = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof *ctx);
  100. JPAKE_CTX_init(ctx, name, peer_name, p, g, q, secret);
  101. return ctx;
  102. }
  103. void JPAKE_CTX_free(JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  104. {
  105. JPAKE_CTX_release(ctx);
  106. OPENSSL_free(ctx);
  107. }
  108. static void hashlength(SHA_CTX *sha, size_t l)
  109. {
  110. unsigned char b[2];
  111. OPENSSL_assert(l <= 0xffff);
  112. b[0] = l >> 8;
  113. b[1] = l & 0xff;
  114. SHA1_Update(sha, b, 2);
  115. }
  116. static void hashstring(SHA_CTX *sha, const char *string)
  117. {
  118. size_t l = strlen(string);
  119. hashlength(sha, l);
  120. SHA1_Update(sha, string, l);
  121. }
  122. static void hashbn(SHA_CTX *sha, const BIGNUM *bn)
  123. {
  124. size_t l = BN_num_bytes(bn);
  125. unsigned char *bin = OPENSSL_malloc(l);
  126. hashlength(sha, l);
  127. BN_bn2bin(bn, bin);
  128. SHA1_Update(sha, bin, l);
  129. OPENSSL_free(bin);
  130. }
  131. /* h=hash(g, g^r, g^x, name) */
  132. static void zkp_hash(BIGNUM *h, const BIGNUM *zkpg, const JPAKE_STEP_PART *p,
  133. const char *proof_name)
  134. {
  135. unsigned char md[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
  136. SHA_CTX sha;
  137. /*
  138. * XXX: hash should not allow moving of the boundaries - Java code
  139. * is flawed in this respect. Length encoding seems simplest.
  140. */
  141. SHA1_Init(&sha);
  142. hashbn(&sha, zkpg);
  143. OPENSSL_assert(!BN_is_zero(p->zkpx.gr));
  144. hashbn(&sha, p->zkpx.gr);
  145. hashbn(&sha, p->gx);
  146. hashstring(&sha, proof_name);
  147. SHA1_Final(md, &sha);
  148. BN_bin2bn(md, SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH, h);
  149. }
  150. /*
  151. * Prove knowledge of x
  152. * Note that p->gx has already been calculated
  153. */
  154. static void generate_zkp(JPAKE_STEP_PART *p, const BIGNUM *x,
  155. const BIGNUM *zkpg, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  156. {
  157. BIGNUM *r = BN_new();
  158. BIGNUM *h = BN_new();
  159. BIGNUM *t = BN_new();
  160. /*-
  161. * r in [0,q)
  162. * XXX: Java chooses r in [0, 2^160) - i.e. distribution not uniform
  163. */
  164. BN_rand_range(r, ctx->p.q);
  165. /* g^r */
  166. BN_mod_exp(p->zkpx.gr, zkpg, r, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  167. /* h=hash... */
  168. zkp_hash(h, zkpg, p, ctx->p.name);
  169. /* b = r - x*h */
  170. BN_mod_mul(t, x, h, ctx->p.q, ctx->ctx);
  171. BN_mod_sub(p->zkpx.b, r, t, ctx->p.q, ctx->ctx);
  172. /* cleanup */
  173. BN_free(t);
  174. BN_free(h);
  175. BN_free(r);
  176. }
  177. static int verify_zkp(const JPAKE_STEP_PART *p, const BIGNUM *zkpg,
  178. JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  179. {
  180. BIGNUM *h = BN_new();
  181. BIGNUM *t1 = BN_new();
  182. BIGNUM *t2 = BN_new();
  183. BIGNUM *t3 = BN_new();
  184. int ret = 0;
  185. if (h == NULL || t1 == NULL || t2 == NULL || t3 == NULL)
  186. goto end;
  187. zkp_hash(h, zkpg, p, ctx->p.peer_name);
  188. /* t1 = g^b */
  189. BN_mod_exp(t1, zkpg, p->zkpx.b, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  190. /* t2 = (g^x)^h = g^{hx} */
  191. BN_mod_exp(t2, p->gx, h, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  192. /* t3 = t1 * t2 = g^{hx} * g^b = g^{hx+b} = g^r (allegedly) */
  193. BN_mod_mul(t3, t1, t2, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  194. /* verify t3 == g^r */
  195. if (BN_cmp(t3, p->zkpx.gr) == 0)
  196. ret = 1;
  197. else
  198. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_VERIFY_ZKP, JPAKE_R_ZKP_VERIFY_FAILED);
  199. end:
  200. /* cleanup */
  201. BN_free(t3);
  202. BN_free(t2);
  203. BN_free(t1);
  204. BN_free(h);
  205. return ret;
  206. }
  207. static void generate_step_part(JPAKE_STEP_PART *p, const BIGNUM *x,
  208. const BIGNUM *g, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  209. {
  210. BN_mod_exp(p->gx, g, x, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  211. generate_zkp(p, x, g, ctx);
  212. }
  213. /* Generate each party's random numbers. xa is in [0, q), xb is in [1, q). */
  214. static void genrand(JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  215. {
  216. BIGNUM *qm1;
  217. /* xa in [0, q) */
  218. BN_rand_range(ctx->xa, ctx->p.q);
  219. /* q-1 */
  220. qm1 = BN_new();
  221. BN_copy(qm1, ctx->p.q);
  222. BN_sub_word(qm1, 1);
  223. /* ... and xb in [0, q-1) */
  224. BN_rand_range(ctx->xb, qm1);
  225. /* [1, q) */
  226. BN_add_word(ctx->xb, 1);
  227. /* cleanup */
  228. BN_free(qm1);
  229. }
  230. int JPAKE_STEP1_generate(JPAKE_STEP1 *send, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  231. {
  232. genrand(ctx);
  233. generate_step_part(&send->p1, ctx->xa, ctx->p.g, ctx);
  234. generate_step_part(&send->p2, ctx->xb, ctx->p.g, ctx);
  235. return 1;
  236. }
  237. /* g^x is a legal value */
  238. static int is_legal(const BIGNUM *gx, const JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  239. {
  240. BIGNUM *t;
  241. int res;
  242. if (BN_is_negative(gx) || BN_is_zero(gx) || BN_cmp(gx, ctx->p.p) >= 0)
  243. return 0;
  244. t = BN_new();
  245. BN_mod_exp(t, gx, ctx->p.q, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  246. res = BN_is_one(t);
  247. BN_free(t);
  248. return res;
  249. }
  250. int JPAKE_STEP1_process(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, const JPAKE_STEP1 *received)
  251. {
  252. if (!is_legal(received->p1.gx, ctx)) {
  253. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_JPAKE_STEP1_PROCESS,
  254. JPAKE_R_G_TO_THE_X3_IS_NOT_LEGAL);
  255. return 0;
  256. }
  257. if (!is_legal(received->p2.gx, ctx)) {
  258. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_JPAKE_STEP1_PROCESS,
  259. JPAKE_R_G_TO_THE_X4_IS_NOT_LEGAL);
  260. return 0;
  261. }
  262. /* verify their ZKP(xc) */
  263. if (!verify_zkp(&received->p1, ctx->p.g, ctx)) {
  264. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_JPAKE_STEP1_PROCESS, JPAKE_R_VERIFY_X3_FAILED);
  265. return 0;
  266. }
  267. /* verify their ZKP(xd) */
  268. if (!verify_zkp(&received->p2, ctx->p.g, ctx)) {
  269. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_JPAKE_STEP1_PROCESS, JPAKE_R_VERIFY_X4_FAILED);
  270. return 0;
  271. }
  272. /* g^xd != 1 */
  273. if (BN_is_one(received->p2.gx)) {
  274. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_JPAKE_STEP1_PROCESS, JPAKE_R_G_TO_THE_X4_IS_ONE);
  275. return 0;
  276. }
  277. /* Save the bits we need for later */
  278. BN_copy(ctx->p.gxc, received->p1.gx);
  279. BN_copy(ctx->p.gxd, received->p2.gx);
  280. return 1;
  281. }
  282. int JPAKE_STEP2_generate(JPAKE_STEP2 *send, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  283. {
  284. BIGNUM *t1 = BN_new();
  285. BIGNUM *t2 = BN_new();
  286. /*-
  287. * X = g^{(xa + xc + xd) * xb * s}
  288. * t1 = g^xa
  289. */
  290. BN_mod_exp(t1, ctx->p.g, ctx->xa, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  291. /* t2 = t1 * g^{xc} = g^{xa} * g^{xc} = g^{xa + xc} */
  292. BN_mod_mul(t2, t1, ctx->p.gxc, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  293. /* t1 = t2 * g^{xd} = g^{xa + xc + xd} */
  294. BN_mod_mul(t1, t2, ctx->p.gxd, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  295. /* t2 = xb * s */
  296. BN_mod_mul(t2, ctx->xb, ctx->secret, ctx->p.q, ctx->ctx);
  297. /*-
  298. * ZKP(xb * s)
  299. * XXX: this is kinda funky, because we're using
  300. *
  301. * g' = g^{xa + xc + xd}
  302. *
  303. * as the generator, which means X is g'^{xb * s}
  304. * X = t1^{t2} = t1^{xb * s} = g^{(xa + xc + xd) * xb * s}
  305. */
  306. generate_step_part(send, t2, t1, ctx);
  307. /* cleanup */
  308. BN_free(t1);
  309. BN_free(t2);
  310. return 1;
  311. }
  312. /* gx = g^{xc + xa + xb} * xd * s */
  313. static int compute_key(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, const BIGNUM *gx)
  314. {
  315. BIGNUM *t1 = BN_new();
  316. BIGNUM *t2 = BN_new();
  317. BIGNUM *t3 = BN_new();
  318. /*-
  319. * K = (gx/g^{xb * xd * s})^{xb}
  320. * = (g^{(xc + xa + xb) * xd * s - xb * xd *s})^{xb}
  321. * = (g^{(xa + xc) * xd * s})^{xb}
  322. * = g^{(xa + xc) * xb * xd * s}
  323. * [which is the same regardless of who calculates it]
  324. */
  325. /* t1 = (g^{xd})^{xb} = g^{xb * xd} */
  326. BN_mod_exp(t1, ctx->p.gxd, ctx->xb, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  327. /* t2 = -s = q-s */
  328. BN_sub(t2, ctx->p.q, ctx->secret);
  329. /* t3 = t1^t2 = g^{-xb * xd * s} */
  330. BN_mod_exp(t3, t1, t2, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  331. /* t1 = gx * t3 = X/g^{xb * xd * s} */
  332. BN_mod_mul(t1, gx, t3, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  333. /* K = t1^{xb} */
  334. BN_mod_exp(ctx->key, t1, ctx->xb, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  335. /* cleanup */
  336. BN_free(t3);
  337. BN_free(t2);
  338. BN_free(t1);
  339. return 1;
  340. }
  341. int JPAKE_STEP2_process(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, const JPAKE_STEP2 *received)
  342. {
  343. BIGNUM *t1 = BN_new();
  344. BIGNUM *t2 = BN_new();
  345. int ret = 0;
  346. /*-
  347. * g' = g^{xc + xa + xb} [from our POV]
  348. * t1 = xa + xb
  349. */
  350. BN_mod_add(t1, ctx->xa, ctx->xb, ctx->p.q, ctx->ctx);
  351. /* t2 = g^{t1} = g^{xa+xb} */
  352. BN_mod_exp(t2, ctx->p.g, t1, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  353. /* t1 = g^{xc} * t2 = g^{xc + xa + xb} */
  354. BN_mod_mul(t1, ctx->p.gxc, t2, ctx->p.p, ctx->ctx);
  355. if (verify_zkp(received, t1, ctx))
  356. ret = 1;
  357. else
  358. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_JPAKE_STEP2_PROCESS, JPAKE_R_VERIFY_B_FAILED);
  359. compute_key(ctx, received->gx);
  360. /* cleanup */
  361. BN_free(t2);
  362. BN_free(t1);
  363. return ret;
  364. }
  365. static void quickhashbn(unsigned char *md, const BIGNUM *bn)
  366. {
  367. SHA_CTX sha;
  368. SHA1_Init(&sha);
  369. hashbn(&sha, bn);
  370. SHA1_Final(md, &sha);
  371. }
  372. void JPAKE_STEP3A_init(JPAKE_STEP3A *s3a)
  373. {
  374. }
  375. int JPAKE_STEP3A_generate(JPAKE_STEP3A *send, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  376. {
  377. quickhashbn(send->hhk, ctx->key);
  378. SHA1(send->hhk, sizeof send->hhk, send->hhk);
  379. return 1;
  380. }
  381. int JPAKE_STEP3A_process(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, const JPAKE_STEP3A *received)
  382. {
  383. unsigned char hhk[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
  384. quickhashbn(hhk, ctx->key);
  385. SHA1(hhk, sizeof hhk, hhk);
  386. if (memcmp(hhk, received->hhk, sizeof hhk)) {
  387. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_JPAKE_STEP3A_PROCESS,
  388. JPAKE_R_HASH_OF_HASH_OF_KEY_MISMATCH);
  389. return 0;
  390. }
  391. return 1;
  392. }
  393. void JPAKE_STEP3A_release(JPAKE_STEP3A *s3a)
  394. {
  395. }
  396. void JPAKE_STEP3B_init(JPAKE_STEP3B *s3b)
  397. {
  398. }
  399. int JPAKE_STEP3B_generate(JPAKE_STEP3B *send, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  400. {
  401. quickhashbn(send->hk, ctx->key);
  402. return 1;
  403. }
  404. int JPAKE_STEP3B_process(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, const JPAKE_STEP3B *received)
  405. {
  406. unsigned char hk[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
  407. quickhashbn(hk, ctx->key);
  408. if (memcmp(hk, received->hk, sizeof hk)) {
  409. JPAKEerr(JPAKE_F_JPAKE_STEP3B_PROCESS, JPAKE_R_HASH_OF_KEY_MISMATCH);
  410. return 0;
  411. }
  412. return 1;
  413. }
  414. void JPAKE_STEP3B_release(JPAKE_STEP3B *s3b)
  415. {
  416. }
  417. const BIGNUM *JPAKE_get_shared_key(JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  418. {
  419. return ctx->key;
  420. }