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- """
- MultiCall - a class which inherits its methods from a Tkinter widget (Text, for
- example), but enables multiple calls of functions per virtual event - all
- matching events will be called, not only the most specific one. This is done
- by wrapping the event functions - event_add, event_delete and event_info.
- MultiCall recognizes only a subset of legal event sequences. Sequences which
- are not recognized are treated by the original Tk handling mechanism. A
- more-specific event will be called before a less-specific event.
- The recognized sequences are complete one-event sequences (no emacs-style
- Ctrl-X Ctrl-C, no shortcuts like <3>), for all types of events.
- Key/Button Press/Release events can have modifiers.
- The recognized modifiers are Shift, Control, Option and Command for Mac, and
- Control, Alt, Shift, Meta/M for other platforms.
- For all events which were handled by MultiCall, a new member is added to the
- event instance passed to the binded functions - mc_type. This is one of the
- event type constants defined in this module (such as MC_KEYPRESS).
- For Key/Button events (which are handled by MultiCall and may receive
- modifiers), another member is added - mc_state. This member gives the state
- of the recognized modifiers, as a combination of the modifier constants
- also defined in this module (for example, MC_SHIFT).
- Using these members is absolutely portable.
- The order by which events are called is defined by these rules:
- 1. A more-specific event will be called before a less-specific event.
- 2. A recently-binded event will be called before a previously-binded event,
- unless this conflicts with the first rule.
- Each function will be called at most once for each event.
- """
- import sys
- import string
- import re
- import Tkinter
- # the event type constants, which define the meaning of mc_type
- MC_KEYPRESS=0; MC_KEYRELEASE=1; MC_BUTTONPRESS=2; MC_BUTTONRELEASE=3;
- MC_ACTIVATE=4; MC_CIRCULATE=5; MC_COLORMAP=6; MC_CONFIGURE=7;
- MC_DEACTIVATE=8; MC_DESTROY=9; MC_ENTER=10; MC_EXPOSE=11; MC_FOCUSIN=12;
- MC_FOCUSOUT=13; MC_GRAVITY=14; MC_LEAVE=15; MC_MAP=16; MC_MOTION=17;
- MC_MOUSEWHEEL=18; MC_PROPERTY=19; MC_REPARENT=20; MC_UNMAP=21; MC_VISIBILITY=22;
- # the modifier state constants, which define the meaning of mc_state
- MC_SHIFT = 1<<0; MC_CONTROL = 1<<2; MC_ALT = 1<<3; MC_META = 1<<5
- MC_OPTION = 1<<6; MC_COMMAND = 1<<7
- # define the list of modifiers, to be used in complex event types.
- if sys.platform == "darwin":
- _modifiers = (("Shift",), ("Control",), ("Option",), ("Command",))
- _modifier_masks = (MC_SHIFT, MC_CONTROL, MC_OPTION, MC_COMMAND)
- else:
- _modifiers = (("Control",), ("Alt",), ("Shift",), ("Meta", "M"))
- _modifier_masks = (MC_CONTROL, MC_ALT, MC_SHIFT, MC_META)
- # a dictionary to map a modifier name into its number
- _modifier_names = dict([(name, number)
- for number in range(len(_modifiers))
- for name in _modifiers[number]])
- # A binder is a class which binds functions to one type of event. It has two
- # methods: bind and unbind, which get a function and a parsed sequence, as
- # returned by _parse_sequence(). There are two types of binders:
- # _SimpleBinder handles event types with no modifiers and no detail.
- # No Python functions are called when no events are binded.
- # _ComplexBinder handles event types with modifiers and a detail.
- # A Python function is called each time an event is generated.
- class _SimpleBinder:
- def __init__(self, type, widget, widgetinst):
- self.type = type
- self.sequence = '<'+_types[type][0]+'>'
- self.widget = widget
- self.widgetinst = widgetinst
- self.bindedfuncs = []
- self.handlerid = None
- def bind(self, triplet, func):
- if not self.handlerid:
- def handler(event, l = self.bindedfuncs, mc_type = self.type):
- event.mc_type = mc_type
- wascalled = {}
- for i in range(len(l)-1, -1, -1):
- func = l[i]
- if func not in wascalled:
- wascalled[func] = True
- r = func(event)
- if r:
- return r
- self.handlerid = self.widget.bind(self.widgetinst,
- self.sequence, handler)
- self.bindedfuncs.append(func)
- def unbind(self, triplet, func):
- self.bindedfuncs.remove(func)
- if not self.bindedfuncs:
- self.widget.unbind(self.widgetinst, self.sequence, self.handlerid)
- self.handlerid = None
- def __del__(self):
- if self.handlerid:
- self.widget.unbind(self.widgetinst, self.sequence, self.handlerid)
- # An int in range(1 << len(_modifiers)) represents a combination of modifiers
- # (if the least significant bit is on, _modifiers[0] is on, and so on).
- # _state_subsets gives for each combination of modifiers, or *state*,
- # a list of the states which are a subset of it. This list is ordered by the
- # number of modifiers is the state - the most specific state comes first.
- _states = range(1 << len(_modifiers))
- _state_names = [''.join(m[0]+'-'
- for i, m in enumerate(_modifiers)
- if (1 << i) & s)
- for s in _states]
- def expand_substates(states):
- '''For each item of states return a list containing all combinations of
- that item with individual bits reset, sorted by the number of set bits.
- '''
- def nbits(n):
- "number of bits set in n base 2"
- nb = 0
- while n:
- n, rem = divmod(n, 2)
- nb += rem
- return nb
- statelist = []
- for state in states:
- substates = list(set(state & x for x in states))
- substates.sort(key=nbits, reverse=True)
- statelist.append(substates)
- return statelist
- _state_subsets = expand_substates(_states)
- # _state_codes gives for each state, the portable code to be passed as mc_state
- _state_codes = []
- for s in _states:
- r = 0
- for i in range(len(_modifiers)):
- if (1 << i) & s:
- r |= _modifier_masks[i]
- _state_codes.append(r)
- class _ComplexBinder:
- # This class binds many functions, and only unbinds them when it is deleted.
- # self.handlerids is the list of seqs and ids of binded handler functions.
- # The binded functions sit in a dictionary of lists of lists, which maps
- # a detail (or None) and a state into a list of functions.
- # When a new detail is discovered, handlers for all the possible states
- # are binded.
- def __create_handler(self, lists, mc_type, mc_state):
- def handler(event, lists = lists,
- mc_type = mc_type, mc_state = mc_state,
- ishandlerrunning = self.ishandlerrunning,
- doafterhandler = self.doafterhandler):
- ishandlerrunning[:] = [True]
- event.mc_type = mc_type
- event.mc_state = mc_state
- wascalled = {}
- r = None
- for l in lists:
- for i in range(len(l)-1, -1, -1):
- func = l[i]
- if func not in wascalled:
- wascalled[func] = True
- r = l[i](event)
- if r:
- break
- if r:
- break
- ishandlerrunning[:] = []
- # Call all functions in doafterhandler and remove them from list
- for f in doafterhandler:
- f()
- doafterhandler[:] = []
- if r:
- return r
- return handler
- def __init__(self, type, widget, widgetinst):
- self.type = type
- self.typename = _types[type][0]
- self.widget = widget
- self.widgetinst = widgetinst
- self.bindedfuncs = {None: [[] for s in _states]}
- self.handlerids = []
- # we don't want to change the lists of functions while a handler is
- # running - it will mess up the loop and anyway, we usually want the
- # change to happen from the next event. So we have a list of functions
- # for the handler to run after it finishes calling the binded functions.
- # It calls them only once.
- # ishandlerrunning is a list. An empty one means no, otherwise - yes.
- # this is done so that it would be mutable.
- self.ishandlerrunning = []
- self.doafterhandler = []
- for s in _states:
- lists = [self.bindedfuncs[None][i] for i in _state_subsets[s]]
- handler = self.__create_handler(lists, type, _state_codes[s])
- seq = '<'+_state_names[s]+self.typename+'>'
- self.handlerids.append((seq, self.widget.bind(self.widgetinst,
- seq, handler)))
- def bind(self, triplet, func):
- if triplet[2] not in self.bindedfuncs:
- self.bindedfuncs[triplet[2]] = [[] for s in _states]
- for s in _states:
- lists = [ self.bindedfuncs[detail][i]
- for detail in (triplet[2], None)
- for i in _state_subsets[s] ]
- handler = self.__create_handler(lists, self.type,
- _state_codes[s])
- seq = "<%s%s-%s>"% (_state_names[s], self.typename, triplet[2])
- self.handlerids.append((seq, self.widget.bind(self.widgetinst,
- seq, handler)))
- doit = lambda: self.bindedfuncs[triplet[2]][triplet[0]].append(func)
- if not self.ishandlerrunning:
- doit()
- else:
- self.doafterhandler.append(doit)
- def unbind(self, triplet, func):
- doit = lambda: self.bindedfuncs[triplet[2]][triplet[0]].remove(func)
- if not self.ishandlerrunning:
- doit()
- else:
- self.doafterhandler.append(doit)
- def __del__(self):
- for seq, id in self.handlerids:
- self.widget.unbind(self.widgetinst, seq, id)
- # define the list of event types to be handled by MultiEvent. the order is
- # compatible with the definition of event type constants.
- _types = (
- ("KeyPress", "Key"), ("KeyRelease",), ("ButtonPress", "Button"),
- ("ButtonRelease",), ("Activate",), ("Circulate",), ("Colormap",),
- ("Configure",), ("Deactivate",), ("Destroy",), ("Enter",), ("Expose",),
- ("FocusIn",), ("FocusOut",), ("Gravity",), ("Leave",), ("Map",),
- ("Motion",), ("MouseWheel",), ("Property",), ("Reparent",), ("Unmap",),
- ("Visibility",),
- )
- # which binder should be used for every event type?
- _binder_classes = (_ComplexBinder,) * 4 + (_SimpleBinder,) * (len(_types)-4)
- # A dictionary to map a type name into its number
- _type_names = dict([(name, number)
- for number in range(len(_types))
- for name in _types[number]])
- _keysym_re = re.compile(r"^\w+$")
- _button_re = re.compile(r"^[1-5]$")
- def _parse_sequence(sequence):
- """Get a string which should describe an event sequence. If it is
- successfully parsed as one, return a tuple containing the state (as an int),
- the event type (as an index of _types), and the detail - None if none, or a
- string if there is one. If the parsing is unsuccessful, return None.
- """
- if not sequence or sequence[0] != '<' or sequence[-1] != '>':
- return None
- words = string.split(sequence[1:-1], '-')
- modifiers = 0
- while words and words[0] in _modifier_names:
- modifiers |= 1 << _modifier_names[words[0]]
- del words[0]
- if words and words[0] in _type_names:
- type = _type_names[words[0]]
- del words[0]
- else:
- return None
- if _binder_classes[type] is _SimpleBinder:
- if modifiers or words:
- return None
- else:
- detail = None
- else:
- # _ComplexBinder
- if type in [_type_names[s] for s in ("KeyPress", "KeyRelease")]:
- type_re = _keysym_re
- else:
- type_re = _button_re
- if not words:
- detail = None
- elif len(words) == 1 and type_re.match(words[0]):
- detail = words[0]
- else:
- return None
- return modifiers, type, detail
- def _triplet_to_sequence(triplet):
- if triplet[2]:
- return '<'+_state_names[triplet[0]]+_types[triplet[1]][0]+'-'+ \
- triplet[2]+'>'
- else:
- return '<'+_state_names[triplet[0]]+_types[triplet[1]][0]+'>'
- _multicall_dict = {}
- def MultiCallCreator(widget):
- """Return a MultiCall class which inherits its methods from the
- given widget class (for example, Tkinter.Text). This is used
- instead of a templating mechanism.
- """
- if widget in _multicall_dict:
- return _multicall_dict[widget]
- class MultiCall (widget):
- assert issubclass(widget, Tkinter.Misc)
- def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
- widget.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
- # a dictionary which maps a virtual event to a tuple with:
- # 0. the function binded
- # 1. a list of triplets - the sequences it is binded to
- self.__eventinfo = {}
- self.__binders = [_binder_classes[i](i, widget, self)
- for i in range(len(_types))]
- def bind(self, sequence=None, func=None, add=None):
- #print "bind(%s, %s, %s) called." % (sequence, func, add)
- if type(sequence) is str and len(sequence) > 2 and \
- sequence[:2] == "<<" and sequence[-2:] == ">>":
- if sequence in self.__eventinfo:
- ei = self.__eventinfo[sequence]
- if ei[0] is not None:
- for triplet in ei[1]:
- self.__binders[triplet[1]].unbind(triplet, ei[0])
- ei[0] = func
- if ei[0] is not None:
- for triplet in ei[1]:
- self.__binders[triplet[1]].bind(triplet, func)
- else:
- self.__eventinfo[sequence] = [func, []]
- return widget.bind(self, sequence, func, add)
- def unbind(self, sequence, funcid=None):
- if type(sequence) is str and len(sequence) > 2 and \
- sequence[:2] == "<<" and sequence[-2:] == ">>" and \
- sequence in self.__eventinfo:
- func, triplets = self.__eventinfo[sequence]
- if func is not None:
- for triplet in triplets:
- self.__binders[triplet[1]].unbind(triplet, func)
- self.__eventinfo[sequence][0] = None
- return widget.unbind(self, sequence, funcid)
- def event_add(self, virtual, *sequences):
- #print "event_add(%s,%s) was called"%(repr(virtual),repr(sequences))
- if virtual not in self.__eventinfo:
- self.__eventinfo[virtual] = [None, []]
- func, triplets = self.__eventinfo[virtual]
- for seq in sequences:
- triplet = _parse_sequence(seq)
- if triplet is None:
- #print >> sys.stderr, "Seq. %s was added by Tkinter."%seq
- widget.event_add(self, virtual, seq)
- else:
- if func is not None:
- self.__binders[triplet[1]].bind(triplet, func)
- triplets.append(triplet)
- def event_delete(self, virtual, *sequences):
- if virtual not in self.__eventinfo:
- return
- func, triplets = self.__eventinfo[virtual]
- for seq in sequences:
- triplet = _parse_sequence(seq)
- if triplet is None:
- #print >> sys.stderr, "Seq. %s was deleted by Tkinter."%seq
- widget.event_delete(self, virtual, seq)
- else:
- if func is not None:
- self.__binders[triplet[1]].unbind(triplet, func)
- triplets.remove(triplet)
- def event_info(self, virtual=None):
- if virtual is None or virtual not in self.__eventinfo:
- return widget.event_info(self, virtual)
- else:
- return tuple(map(_triplet_to_sequence,
- self.__eventinfo[virtual][1])) + \
- widget.event_info(self, virtual)
- def __del__(self):
- for virtual in self.__eventinfo:
- func, triplets = self.__eventinfo[virtual]
- if func:
- for triplet in triplets:
- self.__binders[triplet[1]].unbind(triplet, func)
- _multicall_dict[widget] = MultiCall
- return MultiCall
- def _multi_call(parent):
- root = Tkinter.Tk()
- root.title("Test MultiCall")
- width, height, x, y = list(map(int, re.split('[x+]', parent.geometry())))
- root.geometry("+%d+%d"%(x, y + 150))
- text = MultiCallCreator(Tkinter.Text)(root)
- text.pack()
- def bindseq(seq, n=[0]):
- def handler(event):
- print seq
- text.bind("<<handler%d>>"%n[0], handler)
- text.event_add("<<handler%d>>"%n[0], seq)
- n[0] += 1
- bindseq("<Key>")
- bindseq("<Control-Key>")
- bindseq("<Alt-Key-a>")
- bindseq("<Control-Key-a>")
- bindseq("<Alt-Control-Key-a>")
- bindseq("<Key-b>")
- bindseq("<Control-Button-1>")
- bindseq("<Button-2>")
- bindseq("<Alt-Button-1>")
- bindseq("<FocusOut>")
- bindseq("<Enter>")
- bindseq("<Leave>")
- root.mainloop()
- if __name__ == "__main__":
- from idlelib.idle_test.htest import run
- run(_multi_call)
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