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- r"""
- Here's a sample session to show how to use this module.
- At the moment, this is the only documentation.
- The Basics
- ----------
- Importing is easy..
- >>> import Cookie
- Most of the time you start by creating a cookie. Cookies come in
- three flavors, each with slightly different encoding semantics, but
- more on that later.
- >>> C = Cookie.SimpleCookie()
- >>> C = Cookie.SerialCookie()
- >>> C = Cookie.SmartCookie()
- [Note: Long-time users of Cookie.py will remember using
- Cookie.Cookie() to create a Cookie object. Although deprecated, it
- is still supported by the code. See the Backward Compatibility notes
- for more information.]
- Once you've created your Cookie, you can add values just as if it were
- a dictionary.
- >>> C = Cookie.SmartCookie()
- >>> C["fig"] = "newton"
- >>> C["sugar"] = "wafer"
- >>> C.output()
- 'Set-Cookie: fig=newton\r\nSet-Cookie: sugar=wafer'
- Notice that the printable representation of a Cookie is the
- appropriate format for a Set-Cookie: header. This is the
- default behavior. You can change the header and printed
- attributes by using the .output() function
- >>> C = Cookie.SmartCookie()
- >>> C["rocky"] = "road"
- >>> C["rocky"]["path"] = "/cookie"
- >>> print C.output(header="Cookie:")
- Cookie: rocky=road; Path=/cookie
- >>> print C.output(attrs=[], header="Cookie:")
- Cookie: rocky=road
- The load() method of a Cookie extracts cookies from a string. In a
- CGI script, you would use this method to extract the cookies from the
- HTTP_COOKIE environment variable.
- >>> C = Cookie.SmartCookie()
- >>> C.load("chips=ahoy; vienna=finger")
- >>> C.output()
- 'Set-Cookie: chips=ahoy\r\nSet-Cookie: vienna=finger'
- The load() method is darn-tootin smart about identifying cookies
- within a string. Escaped quotation marks, nested semicolons, and other
- such trickeries do not confuse it.
- >>> C = Cookie.SmartCookie()
- >>> C.load('keebler="E=everybody; L=\\"Loves\\"; fudge=\\012;";')
- >>> print C
- Set-Cookie: keebler="E=everybody; L=\"Loves\"; fudge=\012;"
- Each element of the Cookie also supports all of the RFC 2109
- Cookie attributes. Here's an example which sets the Path
- attribute.
- >>> C = Cookie.SmartCookie()
- >>> C["oreo"] = "doublestuff"
- >>> C["oreo"]["path"] = "/"
- >>> print C
- Set-Cookie: oreo=doublestuff; Path=/
- Each dictionary element has a 'value' attribute, which gives you
- back the value associated with the key.
- >>> C = Cookie.SmartCookie()
- >>> C["twix"] = "none for you"
- >>> C["twix"].value
- 'none for you'
- A Bit More Advanced
- -------------------
- As mentioned before, there are three different flavors of Cookie
- objects, each with different encoding/decoding semantics. This
- section briefly discusses the differences.
- SimpleCookie
- The SimpleCookie expects that all values should be standard strings.
- Just to be sure, SimpleCookie invokes the str() builtin to convert
- the value to a string, when the values are set dictionary-style.
- >>> C = Cookie.SimpleCookie()
- >>> C["number"] = 7
- >>> C["string"] = "seven"
- >>> C["number"].value
- '7'
- >>> C["string"].value
- 'seven'
- >>> C.output()
- 'Set-Cookie: number=7\r\nSet-Cookie: string=seven'
- SerialCookie
- The SerialCookie expects that all values should be serialized using
- cPickle (or pickle, if cPickle isn't available). As a result of
- serializing, SerialCookie can save almost any Python object to a
- value, and recover the exact same object when the cookie has been
- returned. (SerialCookie can yield some strange-looking cookie
- values, however.)
- >>> C = Cookie.SerialCookie()
- >>> C["number"] = 7
- >>> C["string"] = "seven"
- >>> C["number"].value
- 7
- >>> C["string"].value
- 'seven'
- >>> C.output()
- 'Set-Cookie: number="I7\\012."\r\nSet-Cookie: string="S\'seven\'\\012p1\\012."'
- Be warned, however, if SerialCookie cannot de-serialize a value (because
- it isn't a valid pickle'd object), IT WILL RAISE AN EXCEPTION.
- SmartCookie
- The SmartCookie combines aspects of each of the other two flavors.
- When setting a value in a dictionary-fashion, the SmartCookie will
- serialize (ala cPickle) the value *if and only if* it isn't a
- Python string. String objects are *not* serialized. Similarly,
- when the load() method parses out values, it attempts to de-serialize
- the value. If it fails, then it fallsback to treating the value
- as a string.
- >>> C = Cookie.SmartCookie()
- >>> C["number"] = 7
- >>> C["string"] = "seven"
- >>> C["number"].value
- 7
- >>> C["string"].value
- 'seven'
- >>> C.output()
- 'Set-Cookie: number="I7\\012."\r\nSet-Cookie: string=seven'
- Backwards Compatibility
- -----------------------
- In order to keep compatibility with earlier versions of Cookie.py,
- it is still possible to use Cookie.Cookie() to create a Cookie. In
- fact, this simply returns a SmartCookie.
- >>> C = Cookie.Cookie()
- >>> print C.__class__.__name__
- SmartCookie
- Finis.
- """
- import string
- try:
- from cPickle import dumps, loads
- except ImportError:
- from pickle import dumps, loads
- import re, warnings
- __all__ = ["CookieError","BaseCookie","SimpleCookie","SerialCookie",
- "SmartCookie","Cookie"]
- _nulljoin = ''.join
- _semispacejoin = '; '.join
- _spacejoin = ' '.join
- class CookieError(Exception):
- pass
- _LegalChars = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "!#$%&'*+-.^_`|~"
- _Translator = {
- '\000' : '\\000', '\001' : '\\001', '\002' : '\\002',
- '\003' : '\\003', '\004' : '\\004', '\005' : '\\005',
- '\006' : '\\006', '\007' : '\\007', '\010' : '\\010',
- '\011' : '\\011', '\012' : '\\012', '\013' : '\\013',
- '\014' : '\\014', '\015' : '\\015', '\016' : '\\016',
- '\017' : '\\017', '\020' : '\\020', '\021' : '\\021',
- '\022' : '\\022', '\023' : '\\023', '\024' : '\\024',
- '\025' : '\\025', '\026' : '\\026', '\027' : '\\027',
- '\030' : '\\030', '\031' : '\\031', '\032' : '\\032',
- '\033' : '\\033', '\034' : '\\034', '\035' : '\\035',
- '\036' : '\\036', '\037' : '\\037',
-
-
- ',' : '\\054', ';' : '\\073',
- '"' : '\\"', '\\' : '\\\\',
- '\177' : '\\177', '\200' : '\\200', '\201' : '\\201',
- '\202' : '\\202', '\203' : '\\203', '\204' : '\\204',
- '\205' : '\\205', '\206' : '\\206', '\207' : '\\207',
- '\210' : '\\210', '\211' : '\\211', '\212' : '\\212',
- '\213' : '\\213', '\214' : '\\214', '\215' : '\\215',
- '\216' : '\\216', '\217' : '\\217', '\220' : '\\220',
- '\221' : '\\221', '\222' : '\\222', '\223' : '\\223',
- '\224' : '\\224', '\225' : '\\225', '\226' : '\\226',
- '\227' : '\\227', '\230' : '\\230', '\231' : '\\231',
- '\232' : '\\232', '\233' : '\\233', '\234' : '\\234',
- '\235' : '\\235', '\236' : '\\236', '\237' : '\\237',
- '\240' : '\\240', '\241' : '\\241', '\242' : '\\242',
- '\243' : '\\243', '\244' : '\\244', '\245' : '\\245',
- '\246' : '\\246', '\247' : '\\247', '\250' : '\\250',
- '\251' : '\\251', '\252' : '\\252', '\253' : '\\253',
- '\254' : '\\254', '\255' : '\\255', '\256' : '\\256',
- '\257' : '\\257', '\260' : '\\260', '\261' : '\\261',
- '\262' : '\\262', '\263' : '\\263', '\264' : '\\264',
- '\265' : '\\265', '\266' : '\\266', '\267' : '\\267',
- '\270' : '\\270', '\271' : '\\271', '\272' : '\\272',
- '\273' : '\\273', '\274' : '\\274', '\275' : '\\275',
- '\276' : '\\276', '\277' : '\\277', '\300' : '\\300',
- '\301' : '\\301', '\302' : '\\302', '\303' : '\\303',
- '\304' : '\\304', '\305' : '\\305', '\306' : '\\306',
- '\307' : '\\307', '\310' : '\\310', '\311' : '\\311',
- '\312' : '\\312', '\313' : '\\313', '\314' : '\\314',
- '\315' : '\\315', '\316' : '\\316', '\317' : '\\317',
- '\320' : '\\320', '\321' : '\\321', '\322' : '\\322',
- '\323' : '\\323', '\324' : '\\324', '\325' : '\\325',
- '\326' : '\\326', '\327' : '\\327', '\330' : '\\330',
- '\331' : '\\331', '\332' : '\\332', '\333' : '\\333',
- '\334' : '\\334', '\335' : '\\335', '\336' : '\\336',
- '\337' : '\\337', '\340' : '\\340', '\341' : '\\341',
- '\342' : '\\342', '\343' : '\\343', '\344' : '\\344',
- '\345' : '\\345', '\346' : '\\346', '\347' : '\\347',
- '\350' : '\\350', '\351' : '\\351', '\352' : '\\352',
- '\353' : '\\353', '\354' : '\\354', '\355' : '\\355',
- '\356' : '\\356', '\357' : '\\357', '\360' : '\\360',
- '\361' : '\\361', '\362' : '\\362', '\363' : '\\363',
- '\364' : '\\364', '\365' : '\\365', '\366' : '\\366',
- '\367' : '\\367', '\370' : '\\370', '\371' : '\\371',
- '\372' : '\\372', '\373' : '\\373', '\374' : '\\374',
- '\375' : '\\375', '\376' : '\\376', '\377' : '\\377'
- }
- _idmap = ''.join(chr(x) for x in xrange(256))
- def _quote(str, LegalChars=_LegalChars,
- idmap=_idmap, translate=string.translate):
-
-
-
-
-
-
- if "" == translate(str, idmap, LegalChars):
- return str
- else:
- return '"' + _nulljoin( map(_Translator.get, str, str) ) + '"'
- _OctalPatt = re.compile(r"\\[0-3][0-7][0-7]")
- _QuotePatt = re.compile(r"[\\].")
- def _unquote(str):
-
-
- if len(str) < 2:
- return str
- if str[0] != '"' or str[-1] != '"':
- return str
-
-
-
- str = str[1:-1]
-
-
-
-
- i = 0
- n = len(str)
- res = []
- while 0 <= i < n:
- Omatch = _OctalPatt.search(str, i)
- Qmatch = _QuotePatt.search(str, i)
- if not Omatch and not Qmatch:
- res.append(str[i:])
- break
-
- j = k = -1
- if Omatch: j = Omatch.start(0)
- if Qmatch: k = Qmatch.start(0)
- if Qmatch and ( not Omatch or k < j ):
- res.append(str[i:k])
- res.append(str[k+1])
- i = k+2
- else:
- res.append(str[i:j])
- res.append( chr( int(str[j+1:j+4], 8) ) )
- i = j+4
- return _nulljoin(res)
- _weekdayname = ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
- _monthname = [None,
- 'Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun',
- 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
- def _getdate(future=0, weekdayname=_weekdayname, monthname=_monthname):
- from time import gmtime, time
- now = time()
- year, month, day, hh, mm, ss, wd, y, z = gmtime(now + future)
- return "%s, %02d %3s %4d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT" % \
- (weekdayname[wd], day, monthname[month], year, hh, mm, ss)
- class Morsel(dict):
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- _reserved = { "expires" : "expires",
- "path" : "Path",
- "comment" : "Comment",
- "domain" : "Domain",
- "max-age" : "Max-Age",
- "secure" : "secure",
- "httponly" : "httponly",
- "version" : "Version",
- }
- _flags = {'secure', 'httponly'}
- def __init__(self):
-
- self.key = self.value = self.coded_value = None
-
- for K in self._reserved:
- dict.__setitem__(self, K, "")
-
- def __setitem__(self, K, V):
- K = K.lower()
- if not K in self._reserved:
- raise CookieError("Invalid Attribute %s" % K)
- dict.__setitem__(self, K, V)
-
- def isReservedKey(self, K):
- return K.lower() in self._reserved
-
- def set(self, key, val, coded_val,
- LegalChars=_LegalChars,
- idmap=_idmap, translate=string.translate):
-
-
- if key.lower() in self._reserved:
- raise CookieError("Attempt to set a reserved key: %s" % key)
- if "" != translate(key, idmap, LegalChars):
- raise CookieError("Illegal key value: %s" % key)
-
- self.key = key
- self.value = val
- self.coded_value = coded_val
-
- def output(self, attrs=None, header = "Set-Cookie:"):
- return "%s %s" % ( header, self.OutputString(attrs) )
- __str__ = output
- def __repr__(self):
- return '<%s: %s=%s>' % (self.__class__.__name__,
- self.key, repr(self.value) )
- def js_output(self, attrs=None):
-
- return """
- <script type="text/javascript">
- <!-- begin hiding
- document.cookie = \"%s\";
- // end hiding -->
- </script>
- """ % ( self.OutputString(attrs).replace('"',r'\"'), )
-
- def OutputString(self, attrs=None):
-
-
- result = []
- RA = result.append
-
- RA("%s=%s" % (self.key, self.coded_value))
-
- if attrs is None:
- attrs = self._reserved
- items = self.items()
- items.sort()
- for K,V in items:
- if V == "": continue
- if K not in attrs: continue
- if K == "expires" and type(V) == type(1):
- RA("%s=%s" % (self._reserved[K], _getdate(V)))
- elif K == "max-age" and type(V) == type(1):
- RA("%s=%d" % (self._reserved[K], V))
- elif K == "secure":
- RA(str(self._reserved[K]))
- elif K == "httponly":
- RA(str(self._reserved[K]))
- else:
- RA("%s=%s" % (self._reserved[K], V))
-
- return _semispacejoin(result)
-
- _LegalKeyChars = r"\w\d!#%&'~_`><@,:/\$\*\+\-\.\^\|\)\(\?\}\{\="
- _LegalValueChars = _LegalKeyChars + r"\[\]"
- _CookiePattern = re.compile(
- r"(?x)"
- r"\s*"
- r"(?P<key>"
- "["+ _LegalKeyChars +"]+?"
- r")"
- r"("
- r"\s*=\s*"
- r"(?P<val>"
- r'"(?:[^\\"]|\\.)*"'
- r"|"
- r"\w{3},\s[\s\w\d-]{9,11}\s[\d:]{8}\sGMT"
- r"|"
- "["+ _LegalValueChars +"]*"
- r")"
- r")?"
- r"\s*"
- r"(\s+|;|$)"
- )
- class BaseCookie(dict):
-
-
- def value_decode(self, val):
- """real_value, coded_value = value_decode(STRING)
- Called prior to setting a cookie's value from the network
- representation. The VALUE is the value read from HTTP
- header.
- Override this function to modify the behavior of cookies.
- """
- return val, val
-
- def value_encode(self, val):
- """real_value, coded_value = value_encode(VALUE)
- Called prior to setting a cookie's value from the dictionary
- representation. The VALUE is the value being assigned.
- Override this function to modify the behavior of cookies.
- """
- strval = str(val)
- return strval, strval
-
- def __init__(self, input=None):
- if input: self.load(input)
-
- def __set(self, key, real_value, coded_value):
- """Private method for setting a cookie's value"""
- M = self.get(key, Morsel())
- M.set(key, real_value, coded_value)
- dict.__setitem__(self, key, M)
-
- def __setitem__(self, key, value):
- """Dictionary style assignment."""
- if isinstance(value, Morsel):
-
- dict.__setitem__(self, key, value)
- else:
- rval, cval = self.value_encode(value)
- self.__set(key, rval, cval)
-
- def output(self, attrs=None, header="Set-Cookie:", sep="\015\012"):
- """Return a string suitable for HTTP."""
- result = []
- items = self.items()
- items.sort()
- for K,V in items:
- result.append( V.output(attrs, header) )
- return sep.join(result)
-
- __str__ = output
- def __repr__(self):
- L = []
- items = self.items()
- items.sort()
- for K,V in items:
- L.append( '%s=%s' % (K,repr(V.value) ) )
- return '<%s: %s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, _spacejoin(L))
- def js_output(self, attrs=None):
- """Return a string suitable for JavaScript."""
- result = []
- items = self.items()
- items.sort()
- for K,V in items:
- result.append( V.js_output(attrs) )
- return _nulljoin(result)
-
- def load(self, rawdata):
- """Load cookies from a string (presumably HTTP_COOKIE) or
- from a dictionary. Loading cookies from a dictionary 'd'
- is equivalent to calling:
- map(Cookie.__setitem__, d.keys(), d.values())
- """
- if type(rawdata) == type(""):
- self.__ParseString(rawdata)
- else:
-
- for k, v in rawdata.items():
- self[k] = v
- return
-
- def __ParseString(self, str, patt=_CookiePattern):
- i = 0
- n = len(str)
- M = None
- while 0 <= i < n:
-
- match = patt.match(str, i)
- if not match: break
- K,V = match.group("key"), match.group("val")
- i = match.end(0)
-
- if K[0] == "$":
-
-
-
- if M:
- M[ K[1:] ] = V
- elif K.lower() in Morsel._reserved:
- if M:
- if V is None:
- if K.lower() in Morsel._flags:
- M[K] = True
- else:
- M[K] = _unquote(V)
- elif V is not None:
- rval, cval = self.value_decode(V)
- self.__set(K, rval, cval)
- M = self[K]
-
- class SimpleCookie(BaseCookie):
- """SimpleCookie
- SimpleCookie supports strings as cookie values. When setting
- the value using the dictionary assignment notation, SimpleCookie
- calls the builtin str() to convert the value to a string. Values
- received from HTTP are kept as strings.
- """
- def value_decode(self, val):
- return _unquote( val ), val
- def value_encode(self, val):
- strval = str(val)
- return strval, _quote( strval )
- class SerialCookie(BaseCookie):
- """SerialCookie
- SerialCookie supports arbitrary objects as cookie values. All
- values are serialized (using cPickle) before being sent to the
- client. All incoming values are assumed to be valid Pickle
- representations. IF AN INCOMING VALUE IS NOT IN A VALID PICKLE
- FORMAT, THEN AN EXCEPTION WILL BE RAISED.
- Note: Large cookie values add overhead because they must be
- retransmitted on every HTTP transaction.
- Note: HTTP has a 2k limit on the size of a cookie. This class
- does not check for this limit, so be careful!!!
- """
- def __init__(self, input=None):
- warnings.warn("SerialCookie class is insecure; do not use it",
- DeprecationWarning)
- BaseCookie.__init__(self, input)
-
- def value_decode(self, val):
-
- return loads( _unquote(val) ), val
- def value_encode(self, val):
- return val, _quote( dumps(val) )
- class SmartCookie(BaseCookie):
- """SmartCookie
- SmartCookie supports arbitrary objects as cookie values. If the
- object is a string, then it is quoted. If the object is not a
- string, however, then SmartCookie will use cPickle to serialize
- the object into a string representation.
- Note: Large cookie values add overhead because they must be
- retransmitted on every HTTP transaction.
- Note: HTTP has a 2k limit on the size of a cookie. This class
- does not check for this limit, so be careful!!!
- """
- def __init__(self, input=None):
- warnings.warn("Cookie/SmartCookie class is insecure; do not use it",
- DeprecationWarning)
- BaseCookie.__init__(self, input)
-
- def value_decode(self, val):
- strval = _unquote(val)
- try:
- return loads(strval), val
- except:
- return strval, val
- def value_encode(self, val):
- if type(val) == type(""):
- return val, _quote(val)
- else:
- return val, _quote( dumps(val) )
- Cookie = SmartCookie
- def _test():
- import doctest, Cookie
- return doctest.testmod(Cookie)
- if __name__ == "__main__":
- _test()
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